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###################################################################### 

#  This file should be kept compatible with Python 2.3, see PEP 291. # 

###################################################################### 

"""create and manipulate C data types in Python""" 

 

import os as _os, sys as _sys 

 

__version__ = "1.1.0" 

 

from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array 

from _ctypes import _Pointer 

from _ctypes import CFuncPtr as _CFuncPtr 

from _ctypes import __version__ as _ctypes_version 

from _ctypes import RTLD_LOCAL, RTLD_GLOBAL 

from _ctypes import ArgumentError 

 

from struct import calcsize as _calcsize 

 

if __version__ != _ctypes_version: 

    raise Exception("Version number mismatch", __version__, _ctypes_version) 

 

if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): 

    from _ctypes import FormatError 

 

DEFAULT_MODE = RTLD_LOCAL 

if _os.name == "posix" and _sys.platform == "darwin": 

    # On OS X 10.3, we use RTLD_GLOBAL as default mode 

    # because RTLD_LOCAL does not work at least on some 

    # libraries.  OS X 10.3 is Darwin 7, so we check for 

    # that. 

 

    if int(_os.uname()[2].split('.')[0]) < 8: 

        DEFAULT_MODE = RTLD_GLOBAL 

 

from _ctypes import FUNCFLAG_CDECL as _FUNCFLAG_CDECL, \ 

     FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI as _FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI, \ 

     FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO as _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO, \ 

     FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR as _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR 

 

""" 

WINOLEAPI -> HRESULT 

WINOLEAPI_(type) 

 

STDMETHODCALLTYPE 

 

STDMETHOD(name) 

STDMETHOD_(type, name) 

 

STDAPICALLTYPE 

""" 

 

def create_string_buffer(init, size=None): 

    """create_string_buffer(aString) -> character array 

    create_string_buffer(anInteger) -> character array 

    create_string_buffer(aString, anInteger) -> character array 

    """ 

    if isinstance(init, (str, unicode)): 

        if size is None: 

            size = len(init)+1 

        buftype = c_char * size 

        buf = buftype() 

        buf.value = init 

        return buf 

    elif isinstance(init, (int, long)): 

        buftype = c_char * init 

        buf = buftype() 

        return buf 

    raise TypeError(init) 

 

def c_buffer(init, size=None): 

##    "deprecated, use create_string_buffer instead" 

##    import warnings 

##    warnings.warn("c_buffer is deprecated, use create_string_buffer instead", 

##                  DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) 

    return create_string_buffer(init, size) 

 

_c_functype_cache = {} 

def CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes, **kw): 

    """CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes, 

                 use_errno=False, use_last_error=False) -> function prototype. 

 

    restype: the result type 

    argtypes: a sequence specifying the argument types 

 

    The function prototype can be called in different ways to create a 

    callable object: 

 

    prototype(integer address) -> foreign function 

    prototype(callable) -> create and return a C callable function from callable 

    prototype(integer index, method name[, paramflags]) -> foreign function calling a COM method 

    prototype((ordinal number, dll object)[, paramflags]) -> foreign function exported by ordinal 

    prototype((function name, dll object)[, paramflags]) -> foreign function exported by name 

    """ 

    flags = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL 

    if kw.pop("use_errno", False): 

        flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO 

    if kw.pop("use_last_error", False): 

        flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR 

    if kw: 

        raise ValueError("unexpected keyword argument(s) %s" % kw.keys()) 

    try: 

        return _c_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)] 

    except KeyError: 

        class CFunctionType(_CFuncPtr): 

            _argtypes_ = argtypes 

            _restype_ = restype 

            _flags_ = flags 

        _c_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)] = CFunctionType 

        return CFunctionType 

 

if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): 

    from _ctypes import LoadLibrary as _dlopen 

    from _ctypes import FUNCFLAG_STDCALL as _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL 

    if _os.name == "ce": 

        # 'ce' doesn't have the stdcall calling convention 

        _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL 

 

    _win_functype_cache = {} 

    def WINFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes, **kw): 

        # docstring set later (very similar to CFUNCTYPE.__doc__) 

        flags = _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL 

        if kw.pop("use_errno", False): 

            flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO 

        if kw.pop("use_last_error", False): 

            flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR 

        if kw: 

            raise ValueError("unexpected keyword argument(s) %s" % kw.keys()) 

        try: 

            return _win_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)] 

        except KeyError: 

            class WinFunctionType(_CFuncPtr): 

                _argtypes_ = argtypes 

                _restype_ = restype 

                _flags_ = flags 

            _win_functype_cache[(restype, argtypes, flags)] = WinFunctionType 

            return WinFunctionType 

    if WINFUNCTYPE.__doc__: 

        WINFUNCTYPE.__doc__ = CFUNCTYPE.__doc__.replace("CFUNCTYPE", "WINFUNCTYPE") 

 

elif _os.name == "posix": 

    from _ctypes import dlopen as _dlopen 

 

from _ctypes import sizeof, byref, addressof, alignment, resize 

from _ctypes import get_errno, set_errno 

from _ctypes import _SimpleCData 

 

def _check_size(typ, typecode=None): 

    # Check if sizeof(ctypes_type) against struct.calcsize.  This 

    # should protect somewhat against a misconfigured libffi. 

    from struct import calcsize 

    if typecode is None: 

        # Most _type_ codes are the same as used in struct 

        typecode = typ._type_ 

    actual, required = sizeof(typ), calcsize(typecode) 

    if actual != required: 

        raise SystemError("sizeof(%s) wrong: %d instead of %d" % \ 

                          (typ, actual, required)) 

 

class py_object(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "O" 

    def __repr__(self): 

        try: 

            return super(py_object, self).__repr__() 

        except ValueError: 

            return "%s(<NULL>)" % type(self).__name__ 

_check_size(py_object, "P") 

 

class c_short(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "h" 

_check_size(c_short) 

 

class c_ushort(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "H" 

_check_size(c_ushort) 

 

class c_long(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "l" 

_check_size(c_long) 

 

class c_ulong(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "L" 

_check_size(c_ulong) 

 

if _calcsize("i") == _calcsize("l"): 

    # if int and long have the same size, make c_int an alias for c_long 

    c_int = c_long 

    c_uint = c_ulong 

else: 

    class c_int(_SimpleCData): 

        _type_ = "i" 

    _check_size(c_int) 

 

    class c_uint(_SimpleCData): 

        _type_ = "I" 

    _check_size(c_uint) 

 

class c_float(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "f" 

_check_size(c_float) 

 

class c_double(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "d" 

_check_size(c_double) 

 

class c_longdouble(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "g" 

if sizeof(c_longdouble) == sizeof(c_double): 

    c_longdouble = c_double 

 

if _calcsize("l") == _calcsize("q"): 

    # if long and long long have the same size, make c_longlong an alias for c_long 

    c_longlong = c_long 

    c_ulonglong = c_ulong 

else: 

    class c_longlong(_SimpleCData): 

        _type_ = "q" 

    _check_size(c_longlong) 

 

    class c_ulonglong(_SimpleCData): 

        _type_ = "Q" 

    ##    def from_param(cls, val): 

    ##        return ('d', float(val), val) 

    ##    from_param = classmethod(from_param) 

    _check_size(c_ulonglong) 

 

class c_ubyte(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "B" 

c_ubyte.__ctype_le__ = c_ubyte.__ctype_be__ = c_ubyte 

# backward compatibility: 

##c_uchar = c_ubyte 

_check_size(c_ubyte) 

 

class c_byte(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "b" 

c_byte.__ctype_le__ = c_byte.__ctype_be__ = c_byte 

_check_size(c_byte) 

 

class c_char(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "c" 

c_char.__ctype_le__ = c_char.__ctype_be__ = c_char 

_check_size(c_char) 

 

class c_char_p(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "z" 

    if _os.name == "nt": 

        def __repr__(self): 

            if not windll.kernel32.IsBadStringPtrA(self, -1): 

                return "%s(%r)" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.value) 

            return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, cast(self, c_void_p).value) 

    else: 

        def __repr__(self): 

            return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, cast(self, c_void_p).value) 

_check_size(c_char_p, "P") 

 

class c_void_p(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "P" 

c_voidp = c_void_p # backwards compatibility (to a bug) 

_check_size(c_void_p) 

 

class c_bool(_SimpleCData): 

    _type_ = "?" 

 

from _ctypes import POINTER, pointer, _pointer_type_cache 

 

def _reset_cache(): 

    _pointer_type_cache.clear() 

    _c_functype_cache.clear() 

    if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): 

        _win_functype_cache.clear() 

    # _SimpleCData.c_wchar_p_from_param 

    POINTER(c_wchar).from_param = c_wchar_p.from_param 

    # _SimpleCData.c_char_p_from_param 

    POINTER(c_char).from_param = c_char_p.from_param 

    _pointer_type_cache[None] = c_void_p 

    # XXX for whatever reasons, creating the first instance of a callback 

    # function is needed for the unittests on Win64 to succeed.  This MAY 

    # be a compiler bug, since the problem occurs only when _ctypes is 

    # compiled with the MS SDK compiler.  Or an uninitialized variable? 

    CFUNCTYPE(c_int)(lambda: None) 

 

try: 

    from _ctypes import set_conversion_mode 

except ImportError: 

    pass 

else: 

    if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): 

        set_conversion_mode("mbcs", "ignore") 

    else: 

        set_conversion_mode("ascii", "strict") 

 

    class c_wchar_p(_SimpleCData): 

        _type_ = "Z" 

 

    class c_wchar(_SimpleCData): 

        _type_ = "u" 

 

    def create_unicode_buffer(init, size=None): 

        """create_unicode_buffer(aString) -> character array 

        create_unicode_buffer(anInteger) -> character array 

        create_unicode_buffer(aString, anInteger) -> character array 

        """ 

        if isinstance(init, (str, unicode)): 

            if size is None: 

                size = len(init)+1 

            buftype = c_wchar * size 

            buf = buftype() 

            buf.value = init 

            return buf 

        elif isinstance(init, (int, long)): 

            buftype = c_wchar * init 

            buf = buftype() 

            return buf 

        raise TypeError(init) 

 

# XXX Deprecated 

def SetPointerType(pointer, cls): 

    if _pointer_type_cache.get(cls, None) is not None: 

        raise RuntimeError("This type already exists in the cache") 

    if id(pointer) not in _pointer_type_cache: 

        raise RuntimeError("What's this???") 

    pointer.set_type(cls) 

    _pointer_type_cache[cls] = pointer 

    del _pointer_type_cache[id(pointer)] 

 

# XXX Deprecated 

def ARRAY(typ, len): 

    return typ * len 

 

################################################################ 

 

 

class CDLL(object): 

    """An instance of this class represents a loaded dll/shared 

    library, exporting functions using the standard C calling 

    convention (named 'cdecl' on Windows). 

 

    The exported functions can be accessed as attributes, or by 

    indexing with the function name.  Examples: 

 

    <obj>.qsort -> callable object 

    <obj>['qsort'] -> callable object 

 

    Calling the functions releases the Python GIL during the call and 

    reacquires it afterwards. 

    """ 

    _func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL 

    _func_restype_ = c_int 

 

    def __init__(self, name, mode=DEFAULT_MODE, handle=None, 

                 use_errno=False, 

                 use_last_error=False): 

        self._name = name 

        flags = self._func_flags_ 

        if use_errno: 

            flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_ERRNO 

        if use_last_error: 

            flags |= _FUNCFLAG_USE_LASTERROR 

 

        class _FuncPtr(_CFuncPtr): 

            _flags_ = flags 

            _restype_ = self._func_restype_ 

        self._FuncPtr = _FuncPtr 

 

        if handle is None: 

            self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode) 

        else: 

            self._handle = handle 

 

    def __repr__(self): 

        return "<%s '%s', handle %x at %x>" % \ 

               (self.__class__.__name__, self._name, 

                (self._handle & (_sys.maxint*2 + 1)), 

                id(self) & (_sys.maxint*2 + 1)) 

 

    def __getattr__(self, name): 

        if name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__'): 

            raise AttributeError(name) 

        func = self.__getitem__(name) 

        setattr(self, name, func) 

        return func 

 

    def __getitem__(self, name_or_ordinal): 

        func = self._FuncPtr((name_or_ordinal, self)) 

        if not isinstance(name_or_ordinal, (int, long)): 

            func.__name__ = name_or_ordinal 

        return func 

 

class PyDLL(CDLL): 

    """This class represents the Python library itself.  It allows to 

    access Python API functions.  The GIL is not released, and 

    Python exceptions are handled correctly. 

    """ 

    _func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL | _FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI 

 

if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): 

 

    class WinDLL(CDLL): 

        """This class represents a dll exporting functions using the 

        Windows stdcall calling convention. 

        """ 

        _func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL 

 

    # XXX Hm, what about HRESULT as normal parameter? 

    # Mustn't it derive from c_long then? 

    from _ctypes import _check_HRESULT, _SimpleCData 

    class HRESULT(_SimpleCData): 

        _type_ = "l" 

        # _check_retval_ is called with the function's result when it 

        # is used as restype.  It checks for the FAILED bit, and 

        # raises a WindowsError if it is set. 

        # 

        # The _check_retval_ method is implemented in C, so that the 

        # method definition itself is not included in the traceback 

        # when it raises an error - that is what we want (and Python 

        # doesn't have a way to raise an exception in the caller's 

        # frame). 

        _check_retval_ = _check_HRESULT 

 

    class OleDLL(CDLL): 

        """This class represents a dll exporting functions using the 

        Windows stdcall calling convention, and returning HRESULT. 

        HRESULT error values are automatically raised as WindowsError 

        exceptions. 

        """ 

        _func_flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_STDCALL 

        _func_restype_ = HRESULT 

 

class LibraryLoader(object): 

    def __init__(self, dlltype): 

        self._dlltype = dlltype 

 

    def __getattr__(self, name): 

        if name[0] == '_': 

            raise AttributeError(name) 

        dll = self._dlltype(name) 

        setattr(self, name, dll) 

        return dll 

 

    def __getitem__(self, name): 

        return getattr(self, name) 

 

    def LoadLibrary(self, name): 

        return self._dlltype(name) 

 

cdll = LibraryLoader(CDLL) 

pydll = LibraryLoader(PyDLL) 

 

if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): 

    pythonapi = PyDLL("python dll", None, _sys.dllhandle) 

elif _sys.platform == "cygwin": 

    pythonapi = PyDLL("libpython%d.%d.dll" % _sys.version_info[:2]) 

else: 

    pythonapi = PyDLL(None) 

 

 

if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): 

    windll = LibraryLoader(WinDLL) 

    oledll = LibraryLoader(OleDLL) 

 

    if _os.name == "nt": 

        GetLastError = windll.kernel32.GetLastError 

    else: 

        GetLastError = windll.coredll.GetLastError 

    from _ctypes import get_last_error, set_last_error 

 

    def WinError(code=None, descr=None): 

        if code is None: 

            code = GetLastError() 

        if descr is None: 

            descr = FormatError(code).strip() 

        return WindowsError(code, descr) 

 

if sizeof(c_uint) == sizeof(c_void_p): 

    c_size_t = c_uint 

    c_ssize_t = c_int 

elif sizeof(c_ulong) == sizeof(c_void_p): 

    c_size_t = c_ulong 

    c_ssize_t = c_long 

elif sizeof(c_ulonglong) == sizeof(c_void_p): 

    c_size_t = c_ulonglong 

    c_ssize_t = c_longlong 

 

# functions 

 

from _ctypes import _memmove_addr, _memset_addr, _string_at_addr, _cast_addr 

 

## void *memmove(void *, const void *, size_t); 

memmove = CFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p, c_void_p, c_size_t)(_memmove_addr) 

 

## void *memset(void *, int, size_t) 

memset = CFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p, c_int, c_size_t)(_memset_addr) 

 

def PYFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes): 

    class CFunctionType(_CFuncPtr): 

        _argtypes_ = argtypes 

        _restype_ = restype 

        _flags_ = _FUNCFLAG_CDECL | _FUNCFLAG_PYTHONAPI 

    return CFunctionType 

 

_cast = PYFUNCTYPE(py_object, c_void_p, py_object, py_object)(_cast_addr) 

def cast(obj, typ): 

    return _cast(obj, obj, typ) 

 

_string_at = PYFUNCTYPE(py_object, c_void_p, c_int)(_string_at_addr) 

def string_at(ptr, size=-1): 

    """string_at(addr[, size]) -> string 

 

    Return the string at addr.""" 

    return _string_at(ptr, size) 

 

try: 

    from _ctypes import _wstring_at_addr 

except ImportError: 

    pass 

else: 

    _wstring_at = PYFUNCTYPE(py_object, c_void_p, c_int)(_wstring_at_addr) 

    def wstring_at(ptr, size=-1): 

        """wstring_at(addr[, size]) -> string 

 

        Return the string at addr.""" 

        return _wstring_at(ptr, size) 

 

 

if _os.name in ("nt", "ce"): # COM stuff 

    def DllGetClassObject(rclsid, riid, ppv): 

        try: 

            ccom = __import__("comtypes.server.inprocserver", globals(), locals(), ['*']) 

        except ImportError: 

            return -2147221231 # CLASS_E_CLASSNOTAVAILABLE 

        else: 

            return ccom.DllGetClassObject(rclsid, riid, ppv) 

 

    def DllCanUnloadNow(): 

        try: 

            ccom = __import__("comtypes.server.inprocserver", globals(), locals(), ['*']) 

        except ImportError: 

            return 0 # S_OK 

        return ccom.DllCanUnloadNow() 

 

from ctypes._endian import BigEndianStructure, LittleEndianStructure 

 

# Fill in specifically-sized types 

c_int8 = c_byte 

c_uint8 = c_ubyte 

for kind in [c_short, c_int, c_long, c_longlong]: 

    if sizeof(kind) == 2: c_int16 = kind 

    elif sizeof(kind) == 4: c_int32 = kind 

    elif sizeof(kind) == 8: c_int64 = kind 

for kind in [c_ushort, c_uint, c_ulong, c_ulonglong]: 

    if sizeof(kind) == 2: c_uint16 = kind 

    elif sizeof(kind) == 4: c_uint32 = kind 

    elif sizeof(kind) == 8: c_uint64 = kind 

del(kind) 

 

_reset_cache()