Source code for pywws.toservice

#!/usr/bin/env python

"""Post weather update to services such as Weather Underground
::

%s

Introduction
------------

Several organisations allow weather stations to upload data using a
simple HTTP 'POST' or 'GET' request, with the data encoded as a
sequence of ``key=value`` pairs separated by ``&`` characters.

This module enables pywws to upload readings to these organisations.
It is highly customisable using configuration files. Each 'service'
requires a configuration file and two templates in ``pywws/services``
(that should not need to be edited by the user) and a section in
``weather.ini`` containing user specific data such as your site ID and
password.

There are currently six services for which configuration files have
been written.

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| organisation                                                          | service name          | config file                                                |
+=======================================================================+=======================+============================================================+
| `UK Met Office <http://wow.metoffice.gov.uk/>`_                       | ``metoffice``         | :download:`../../code/pywws/services/metoffice.ini`        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| `Open Weather Map <http://openweathermap.org/>`_                      | ``openweathermap``    | :download:`../../code/pywws/services/openweathermap.ini`   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| `Stacja Pogody <http://stacjapogody.waw.pl/index.php?id=mapastacji>`_ | ``stacjapogodywawpl`` | :download:`../../code/pywws/services/stacjapogodywawpl.ini`|
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| `temperatur.nu <http://www.temperatur.nu/>`_                          | ``temperaturnu``      | :download:`../../code/pywws/services/temperaturnu.ini`     |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| `Weather Underground <http://www.wunderground.com/>`_                 | ``underground``       | :download:`../../code/pywws/services/underground.ini`      |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| `wetter.com <http://www.wetter.com/community/>`_                      | ``wetterarchivde``    | :download:`../../code/pywws/services/wetterarchivde.ini`   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+

Configuration
-------------

If you haven't already done so, visit the organisation's web site and
create an account for your weather station. Make a note of any site ID
and password details you are given.

Stop any pywws software that is running and then run ``toservice.py``
to create a section in ``weather.ini``::

    python pywws/toservice.py data_dir service_name

``service_name`` is a single word service name, such as ``metoffice``,
``data_dir`` is your weather data directory, as usual.

Edit ``weather.ini`` and find the section corresponding to the service
name, e.g. ``[underground]``. Copy your site details into this
section, for example::

    [underground]
    password = secret
    station = ABCDEFG1A

Now you can test your configuration::

    python pywws/toservice.py -vvv data_dir service_name

This should show you the data string that is uploaded. Any failure
should generate an error message.

Upload old data
---------------

Now you can upload your last 7 days' data, if the service supports it.
Edit your ``weather.ini`` file and remove the ``last update`` line
from the appropriate section, then run ``toservice.py`` with the
catchup option::

    python pywws/toservice.py -cvv data_dir service_name

This may take 20 minutes or more, depending on how much data you have.

Add service(s) upload to regular tasks
--------------------------------------

Edit your ``weather.ini`` again, and add a list of services to the
``[live]``, ``[logged]``, ``[hourly]``, ``[12 hourly]`` or ``[daily]``
section, depending on how often you want to send data. For example::

    [live]
    twitter = []
    plot = []
    text = []
    services = ['underground']

    [logged]
    twitter = []
    plot = []
    text = []
    services = ['metoffice', 'stacjapogodywawpl']

    [hourly]
    twitter = []
    plot = []
    text = []
    services = ['underground']

Note that the ``[live]`` section is only used when running
``LiveLog.py``. It is a good idea to repeat any service selected in
``[live]`` in the ``[logged]`` or ``[hourly]`` section in case you
switch to running :mod:`Hourly`.

Restart your regular pywws program (:mod:`Hourly` or :mod:`LiveLog`)
and visit the appropriate web site to see regular updates from your
weather station.

Notes on the services
---------------------

UK Met Office
=============

* Create account: https://register.metoffice.gov.uk/WaveRegistrationClient/public/register.do?service=weatherobservations
* API: http://wow.metoffice.gov.uk/support?category=dataformats#automatic
* Example ``weather.ini`` section::

    [metoffice]
    site id = 12345678
    aws pin = 987654

Open Weather Map
================

* Create account: http://openweathermap.org/login
* API: http://openweathermap.org/API
* Example ``weather.ini`` section::

    [openweathermap]
    lat = 51.501
    long = -0.142
    alt = 10
    user = Elizabeth Windsor
    password = corgi
    id = Buck House

The default behaviour is to use your user name to identify the weather
station. However, it's possible for a user to have more than one
weather station, so there is an undocumented ``name`` parameter in the
API that can be used to identify the station. This appears as ``id``
in ``weather.ini``. Make sure you don't choose a name that is already
in use.

Weather Underground
===================

* Create account: http://www.wunderground.com/members/signup.asp
* API: http://wiki.wunderground.com/index.php/PWS_-_Upload_Protocol
* Example ``weather.ini`` section::

    [underground]
    station = ABCDEFGH1
    password = xxxxxxx

API
---

"""

__docformat__ = "restructuredtext en"
__usage__ = """
 usage: python toservice.py [options] data_dir service_name
 options are:
  -h or --help     display this help
  -c or --catchup  upload all data since last upload
  -v or --verbose  increase amount of reassuring messages
 data_dir is the root directory of the weather data
 service_name is the service to upload to, e.g. underground
"""
__doc__ %= __usage__
__usage__ = __doc__.split('\n')[0] + __usage__

from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
import getopt
import logging
import os
import re
import socket
import sys
import urllib
import urllib2
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

import DataStore
from Logger import ApplicationLogger
import Template

FIVE_MINS = timedelta(minutes=5)

[docs]class ToService(object): """Upload weather data to weather services such as Weather Underground. """ def __init__(self, params, calib_data, service_name=None): """ :param params: pywws configuration. :type params: :class:`pywws.DataStore.params` :param calib_data: 'calibrated' data. :type calib_data: :class:`pywws.DataStore.calib_store` :keyword service_name: name of service to upload to. :type service_name: string """ if service_name: self.config_section = service_name self.logger = logging.getLogger( 'pywws.ToService(%s)' % service_name) else: self.logger = logging.getLogger( 'pywws.%s' % self.__class__.__name__) self.params = params self.data = calib_data self.old_response = None self.old_ex = None # set default socket timeout, so urlopen calls don't hang forever socket.setdefaulttimeout(30) # open params file service_params = SafeConfigParser() service_params.optionxform = str service_params.readfp(open(os.path.join( os.path.dirname(__file__), 'services', '%s.ini' % (self.config_section)))) # get URL self.server = service_params.get('config', 'url') # get fixed part of upload data self.fixed_data = dict() for name, value in service_params.items('fixed'): if value[0] == '*': value = self.params.get( self.config_section, value[1:], 'unknown') self.fixed_data[name] = value # create templater self.templater = Template.Template( self.params, self.data, self.data, None, None, use_locale=False) self.template_file = os.path.join( os.path.dirname(__file__), 'services', '%s_template_%s.txt' % (service_name, self.params.get('fixed', 'ws type'))) # get other parameters self.catchup = eval(service_params.get('config', 'catchup')) self.use_get = eval(service_params.get('config', 'use get')) rapid_fire = eval(service_params.get('config', 'rapidfire')) if rapid_fire: self.server_rf = service_params.get('config', 'url-rf') self.fixed_data_rf = dict(self.fixed_data) for name, value in service_params.items('fixed-rf'): self.fixed_data_rf[name] = value else: self.server_rf = self.server self.fixed_data_rf = self.fixed_data self.expected_result = eval(service_params.get('config', 'result'))
[docs] def translate_data(self, current, fixed_data): """Convert a weather data record to upload format. The :obj:`current` parameter contains the data to be uploaded. It should be a 'calibrated' data record, as stored in :class:`pywws.DataStore.calib_store`. The :obj:`fixed_data` parameter contains unvarying data that is site dependent, for example an ID code and authentication data. :param current: the weather data record. :type current: dict :param fixed_data: unvarying upload data. :type fixed_data: dict :return: converted data, or :obj:`None` if invalid data. :rtype: dict(string) """ # check we have enough data if current['temp_out'] is None or current['hum_out'] is None: return None # convert data result = dict(fixed_data) template_data = self.templater.make_text(self.template_file, current) result.update(eval(template_data)) return result
[docs] def send_data(self, data, server, fixed_data): """Upload a weather data record. The :obj:`data` parameter contains the data to be uploaded. It should be a 'calibrated' data record, as stored in :class:`pywws.DataStore.calib_store`. The :obj:`fixed_data` parameter contains unvarying data that is site dependent, for example an ID code and authentication data. :param data: the weather data record. :type data: dict :param server: web address to upload to. :type server: string :param fixed_data: unvarying upload data. :type fixed_data: dict :return: success status :rtype: bool """ coded_data = self.translate_data(data, fixed_data) if not coded_data: return True self.logger.debug(coded_data) coded_data = urllib.urlencode(coded_data) # have three tries before giving up for n in range(3): try: if sys.hexversion <= 0x020406ff: wudata = urllib.urlopen('%s?%s' % (server, coded_data)) else: try: if self.use_get: wudata = urllib2.urlopen( '%s?%s' % (server, coded_data)) else: wudata = urllib2.urlopen(server, coded_data) except urllib2.HTTPError, ex: if ex.code != 400: raise wudata = ex response = wudata.readlines() wudata.close() if len(response) == len(self.expected_result): for actual, expected in zip(response, self.expected_result): if not re.match(expected, actual): break else: self.old_response = response return True if response != self.old_response: for line in response: self.logger.error(line.strip()) self.old_response = response except Exception, ex: e = str(ex) if e != self.old_ex: self.logger.error(e) self.old_ex = e return False
[docs] def Upload(self, catchup): """Upload one or more weather data records. This method uploads either the most recent weather data record, or all records since the last upload (up to 7 days), according to the value of :obj:`catchup`. It sets the ``last update`` configuration value to the time stamp of the most recent record successfully uploaded. :param catchup: upload all data since last upload. :type catchup: bool :return: success status :rtype: bool """ if catchup and self.catchup > 0: start = datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(days=self.catchup) last_update = self.params.get_datetime( self.config_section, 'last update') if last_update: start = max(start, last_update + timedelta(minutes=1)) count = 0 for data in self.data[start:]: if not self.send_data(data, self.server, self.fixed_data): return False self.params.set( self.config_section, 'last update', data['idx'].isoformat(' ')) count += 1 if count: self.logger.info('%d records sent', count) else: # upload most recent data last_update = self.data.before(datetime.max) if not self.send_data( self.data[last_update], self.server, self.fixed_data): return False self.params.set( self.config_section, 'last update', last_update.isoformat(' ')) return True
[docs] def RapidFire(self, data, catchup): """Upload a 'Rapid Fire' weather data record. This method uploads either a single data record (typically one obtained during 'live' logging), or all records since the last upload (up to 7 days), according to the value of :obj:`catchup`. It sets the ``last update`` configuration value to the time stamp of the most recent record successfully uploaded. The :obj:`data` parameter contains the data to be uploaded. It should be a 'calibrated' data record, as stored in :class:`pywws.DataStore.calib_store`. :param data: the weather data record. :type data: dict :param catchup: upload all data since last upload. :type catchup: bool :return: success status :rtype: bool """ last_log = self.data.before(datetime.max) if not last_log or last_log < data['idx'] - FIVE_MINS: # logged data is not (yet) up to date return True if catchup and self.catchup > 0: last_update = self.params.get_datetime( self.config_section, 'last update') if not last_update: last_update = datetime.min if last_update <= last_log - FIVE_MINS: # last update was well before last logged data if not self.Upload(True): return False if not self.send_data(data, self.server_rf, self.fixed_data_rf): return False self.params.set( self.config_section, 'last update', data['idx'].isoformat(' ')) return True
[docs]def main(argv=None): if argv is None: argv = sys.argv try: opts, args = getopt.getopt( argv[1:], "hcv", ['help', 'catchup', 'verbose']) except getopt.error, msg: print >>sys.stderr, 'Error: %s\n' % msg print >>sys.stderr, __usage__.strip() return 1 # process options catchup = False verbose = 0 for o, a in opts: if o == '-h' or o == '--help': print __usage__.strip() return 0 elif o == '-c' or o == '--catchup': catchup = True elif o == '-v' or o == '--verbose': verbose += 1 # check arguments if len(args) != 2: print >>sys.stderr, "Error: 2 arguments required" print >>sys.stderr, __usage__.strip() return 2 logger = ApplicationLogger(verbose) return ToService( DataStore.params(args[0]), DataStore.calib_store(args[0]), service_name=args[1] ).Upload(catchup)
if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main())